This has been present since its early use the first field trials were destroyed by anti-GM activists. The rise of commercialised genetically modified crops has provided economic benefit to farmers in many different countries, but has also been the source of most of the controversy surrounding the technology. The same techniques that are used to produce drugs can also have industrial applications such as producing enzymes for laundry detergent, cheeses and other products. As well as producing hormones, vaccines and other drugs, genetic engineering has the potential to cure genetic diseases through gene therapy. By knocking out genes responsible for certain conditions it is possible to create animal model organisms of human diseases. In research GMOs are used to study gene function and expression through loss of function, gain of function, tracking and expression experiments. Genetic engineering has been applied in numerous fields including research, medicine, industrial biotechnology and agriculture. In 2016 salmon modified with a growth hormone were sold. GloFish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was sold in the United States in December 2003. The Flavr Savr was engineered to have a longer shelf life, but most current GM crops are modified to increase resistance to insects and herbicides. Genetically modified food has been sold since 1994, with the release of the Flavr Savr tomato. Genetically engineered human insulin was produced in 1978 and insulin-producing bacteria were commercialised in 1982. The first company to focus on genetic engineering, Genentech, was founded in 1976 and started the production of human proteins. Rudolf Jaenisch created the first GM animal when he inserted foreign DNA into a mouse in 1974. The first GMO was a bacterium generated by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen in 1973. Īn organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be genetically modified (GM) and the resulting entity is a genetically modified organism (GMO). The new DNA can be inserted randomly, or targeted to a specific part of the genome. As well as inserting genes, the process can be used to remove, or " knock out", genes. The first recombinant DNA molecule was made by Paul Berg in 1972 by combining DNA from the monkey virus SV40 with the lambda virus. A construct is usually created and used to insert this DNA into the host organism. New DNA is obtained by either isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using recombinant DNA methods or by artificially synthesising the DNA. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. Gain continues to carry out research and development of new products and scents that will help maintain its big market share and satisfy their consumers.Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. The popularity of the Gain scent has become so high such that the company now offers the scent with some of the other products manufactured by P&G such as Febreze, Swiffer and Mr. Gain also manufactures dish washing liquids with its authentic scents. The brand also introduced new products such as dryer sheets dryer bars, and in-wash scent boosters into the market. Procter and Gamble has been able to increase the scents in their product lines including the powder and liquid detergents. The success of Gain has been attributed mostly to its high quality pleasant scent and its ethnic consumers. It is the 8 th largest brand in terms of sales under the P&G umbrella. Gain has made over one billion dollars’ worth of sales over the years. This sure helps make the laundry scent experience more enjoyable. This product is popular for maintaining the fresh scent in your laundry basket even without having to remember to include the products in your laundry routine. In 2011, Gain brought into the market the Forget-me-not Dryer Bar and Fireworks in-wash scent booster. The company has been continually pushing for improved scent experience through their product upgrades, and their scent based extensions. The company has been able to develop fantastic products with their trademark scent. In 1981, the company was able to grow and expand its products with its first scent. Gain was introduced to the market back in 1969 as a stain removing detergent. Gain is a brand of laundry detergent manufactured by Procter and Gamble.
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